Article Text
Review
Treatment of severe proliferative lupus nephritis: the current state
Abstract
Despite the development of new modalities, cyclophosphamide (CYC) remains the preferred initial treatment for severe proliferative lupus nephritis. Controversies continue about the best route, dosage, and duration of CYC treatment. For recalcitrant disease, new immunosuppressive and immunomodulating agents, immunoablative high dose CYC, nucleoside analogues, apheresis, and the biological response modifiers can be considered.
- cytotoxicity
- glomerulonephritis
- immunosuppressive drugs
- toxicities
- AZA, azathioprine
- CSA, cyclosporin A
- CYC, cyclophosphamide
- DPGN, diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis
- IVIg, intravenous immunoglobulin
- MMF, mycophenolate mofetil
- MP, methylprednisolone
- NIH, National Institutes of Health
- SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus